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The disease
Osteoporosis is a diffuse disease of the skeleton characterized by decreased bone mass and impaired micro-architecture of bone tissue, causing a weakening of the bones and an increased risk of fracture. It can reach all the bones and remains asymptomatic in the absence of fracture.

Pathophysiology
Postmenopausal osteoporosis is promoted by estrogen deficiency. Other forms occur in the elderly of both sexes (formerly known as “senile osteoporosis”). Others are drug or endocrine origin (long-term steroid therapy, hyperthyroidism, hypogonadism, etc..). Read the rest of this entry »

There are various types of tooth fractures. The treatment and outcome for your tooth depends on the type, location, and severity of the fracture.

Fractured cusp

When a cusp (the most emphasized part of the chewing surface) becomes weakened, we sometimes results in a fracture. A weakened cusp may break by itself or can be removed by the dentist. Usually when this happens, the pain disappears.

A fractured cusp rarely damages the pulp, so root canal treatment is most likely not necessary. Usually the tooth is restored by your dentist with a full crown. Read the rest of this entry »

Description

Eye infections (conjunctivitis, keratitis, blepharitis, uveitis) represent a set of diseases of infectious, autoimmune, allergic or toxic respectively affecting the conjunctiva, cornea, eyelid and intraocular tissues (iris, ciliary body, choroid or retina).

Pathophysiology

The vast majority of eye infections are caused by exogenous bacteria, often transmitted Manuport or trauma, even minimal (lens wear, corneal surgery). Contamination may also have an original blood (CMV retinitis in an immunocompromised) or neurological (corneal herpes, ophthalmic zoster). Read the rest of this entry »

More vitamin B6 from diet or supplements may reduce the risk of colon cancer by about 20%, according to a new study. The study involved nearly 5,000 people and showed a dose-dependent with more vitamin B6 reduced the risk. Several previous studies have shown that low intake of B vitamins can increase the risk of colon cancer as well as several other diseases.

More vitamin B6 reduces the risk of colon cancer

After correcting for other factors that are important: age, sex, status of folate, genetic factors and the tumor was there, it was concluded that there was a dose-dependent between intake of dietary and total intake of vitamin B6 and reduced risk of colon cancer . The researchers also did a meta-analysis of previously published studies. The results from this supports their results. Read the rest of this entry »

What are the symptoms of HIV and AIDS?

You can not reliably diagnose HIV infection or AIDS when taking into account only the symptoms. The only way to know for sure if a person is infected with HIV is to be tested for HIV.

People living with HIV may feel and look completely well. However, it is possible that their immune systems are damaged. It is important to remember that once someone is infected with HIV can transmit the virus immediately, even if that person feels healthy.

HIV is the AIDS virus. If a person is infected with HIV do not make effective antiretroviral therapy, HIV weakens the immune system over time. As a result, will become more vulnerable to opportunistic infections. Read the rest of this entry »

Definition

Is surgery used to repair an umbilical hernia, which is a mass or lump that protrudes through the navel.

Description

General anesthesia is used. Using a curved incision is made below the navel is explored and identified the body. Subsequently dissected (separated) from the underlying tissues and cut or gets into their normal position in the abdomen.

When completed, close the tissue with nonabsorbable sutures, very strong. The skin edges are sometimes closed with adhesive strips.

This scar can be hidden in the umbilical depression.

Indications

Umbilical hernias are fairly common.

It can be seen from birth and are caused by defects in the abdominal muscles that allow a portion of the peritoneum (lining of the abdominal cavity) protrude and push the umbilicus outward.

This is most obvious when the baby cries because as pressure increases the growth is easier to see.

It is not always necessary to operate this problem. Read the rest of this entry »

Frostbite is however an acute cold injury. General frostbite usually results from the sleep outdoors in minus degrees. There arises consciousness, and there is no question about skin care without immediate hospitalization. What you can treat yourself is the case of local frostbite, ie isolated body parts – fingers, toes, nose, ears, chin, cheeks – which have been cooled sufficiently strong to frozen liquids. Like burns, they are divided into degrees.
1) Easy local frost damage: The blood vessels to constrict and the skin becomes white in spots or larger areas. First, the area becomes stiffly, knitting needles and painful, but after a while lost touch and it does not hurt or feel cold. Read the rest of this entry »

Meningitis is an inflammation of the leptomeninges (arachnoid and pia mater). It is a medical emergency requiring rapid diagnosis and early treatment. Infectious meningitis is a devastating process with a high morbidity and mortality.

Etiology
The causes are divided into infectious and aseptic, the second group are those patients in whom the spinal fluid has a high lymphocyte count (> 50%), a moderate increase in protein, normal glucose, Gram stain and negative microbiological study .
There are several diseases (bacterial endocarditis) and conditions (splenectomy, sickle cell disease) that predispose a picture of meningitis. The pneumococcus is the most common etiologic agent in adults, followed in order of importance the meningococcus, H. influenzae, Listeria monocytogenes and with the advent of AIDS, Cryptococcus. Read the rest of this entry »

What is urinary tract infection?
Cystitis is an infection of the urinary bladder, a urinary tract infection, which almost always caused by bacteria. Bacteria thrive well in the body warm urine, and they reproduce rapidly when they get into the urinary bladder. Eventually, these bacteria cause an inflammation of the lining of the dress the inside of the bladder. Lining will be red and irritated, and the urinary bladder is irritable. Urination can also be painful because of soreness and inflammation of the urethra. In addition, many suffer from pain and heat sensation in my abdomen after urination.

The symptoms of this condition is so typical that the vast majority who have had cystitis before, will be able to make the diagnosis themselves.

The condition is very common and constitute about 3.5% of all requests in general practice. In the age group 26-30 years is 100 times as many women as men who have urinary tract infection. Read the rest of this entry »

It is well known that aromatherapy can be beneficial for those suffering from insomnia. The ethereal oil’s effectiveness comes from its calming and relaxing properties that can alleviate a heavy heart, unwind a tired body and overcome insomnia.

The term insomnia describes the inability to have an adequate amount of sleep. It is also called insomnia and it is a very common illness that affects many people. It is believed that over 20% of the world’s population suffers from insomnia. If you do not easily fall asleep or wake up very early in the morning, you’re probably one of them. It calls the insomnia in different classes, as a transient (lasting less than a week) and long-term or chronic (lasting more than a month), which is the most dangerous to health. Read the rest of this entry »