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A contradictory element X-rays used for cancer treatment and at the same time, can facilitate the development of tumors. However, currently used very small doses of radiation to obtain high quality films, so the actual risk to individual patients are properly supervised X-rays is extremely low and no consequences.

However, professionals working in the departments of radiology or radiation therapy may be exposed to a high dose of radiation, if they remained all the time with patients, as they would be subject to a cumulative effect. For this reason, it must be placed behind a screen that does not let X-rays. Read the rest of this entry »

X-rays are generated from a device connected to the mains and the patient is placed between the unit generator and a special screen where you get the picture or radiography. Previously, the patient must remove any metal objects in your body carry, such as watches or jewelry, as radio-opaque when displayed on an x-hide parts of the field study, in addition to causing confusion.

It is very important to obtain a good quality image that the patient remain still during the few seconds that the picture is taken. The procedure does not produce any discomfort and no side effects, except in the case of a pregnant woman. Read the rest of this entry »

Plain radiographs are useful in the diagnosis of many diseases or health problems. Thus, for example, are sufficient to confirm a fracture of a bone or in the lung may have an injury such as pneumonia or a tumor. The study of some parts of the body requires, however, some special techniques.

In the case of the veins or arteries to see if they are narrowed or blocked by a clot in the same need to inject a fluid opaque to X-rays called contrast. The same happens when you want to explore the digestive system: You must swallow a contrast dye to view the esophagus, stomach or small intestine or entering through the anus in the form of an enema, to see the large intestine (rectum and colon). Read the rest of this entry »

Although X-rays also have applications in many fields not related to health, various health professions directly related to their use. First, radiographers, who are not trained medical professionals to manage the equipment and X-ray machines, as well as for care of patients who are going to perform X-rays.

There are also technical expertise in radiation devices. A radiologist is a physician who specializes in interpreting X-rays and other tests related to imaging of the body, such as ultrasound, magnetic scanner and laresonancia. In addition, you can make some types of treatment by taking advantage of these techniques. Read the rest of this entry »

The discovery of X rays was done by Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen in 1895, noting that when he passed an electric current through a vacuum tube was induced brightness of a fluorescent screen. The brightness of the screen disappear when the current was interrupted. He attributed this effect to a type of radiation which, being hitherto unknown, called X-ray We now know that it is a form of electromagnetic radiation, similar in nature to that of visible light or radio waves.

X-rays have high energy and short wavelength which makes them able to penetrate tissues. When passing through the body, denser tissues such as bones, block the rays more strongly than less dense tissues such as the lungs. Read the rest of this entry »

What major problem dentures have?

The prosthesis is a rigid device embedded in a hard tissue but alive, which is the bone. Therefore, the interaction between them when the knee moves or rests eventually will cause a loosening. Moreover, the polyethylene tibial component is decaying, leading to instability of the knee, which in turn makes it more touching and overload the rest of the prosthesis. It’s a vicious circle. In addition, wear particles interact with the bone material causing its destruction, exacerbating loosening.

Adding all these factors, today the effective period of a knee prosthesis is measured in 10-15 years. In young people is inevitable. In the elderly life expectancy can be concluded before it is loose enough to cause problems. Loosening may not cause symptoms initially, but ends up causing disabling pain. Read the rest of this entry »

Tibial piece is separated from the femur. Is rare. Much more common is the instability, insufficiency of the ligaments of the knee and wear of the prosthesis makes the fitting of the components may occur and abnormal movements.

Deep vein thrombosis

involves the formation of clots in deep veins of the legs (although prophylaxis may appear). The risk is that thrombi are dislodged and migrate as the “rams” into the lungs, causing pulmonary embolism.

Fat embolism or by cement

by drilling the bone to implant the prosthesis can be formed small fat emboli from bone marrow (the “marrow” of the bone), which will go to the lung. In the cemented prosthesis cement can also embolize. Read the rest of this entry »

What complications the knee replacement have?

The infection of the prosthesis (in 100 operated one or two develop it)

- When given in the first days or weeks is usually caused by a germ that enters the wound from the air or the skin (it is impossible to completely sterilize them, despite the operating room under aseptic conditions).

- When it appears later due to some distant source of infection. Most often, urine or cavities.

- The most common treatment of the infected prosthesis removal is in the hole leaving a mold called antibiotic cement spacer, treatment with antibiotics for months (part time will be administered intravenously in the neck to prevent phlebitis in arms) and when the infection is considered eradicated implanted prosthesis rescue. Until then the patient can walk with crutches but without supporting the tip. In some cases surgery may be recommended cleaning only when leaving the prosthesis if the antibiotic can eliminate the infection. Read the rest of this entry »

When it is not advisable to implement a knee?

The contraindication is the clearest infection: microbes nestle in any foreign body. Usually only be eradicated if the material is removed. In the case of a prosthesis is a tragedy for both the patient and the surgeon, the problems arising both treatment of the aftermath. The infection is seen not only in the knee. Any body part that this infection may send their germs through the blood to the prosthesis. The infection typically goes unnoticed is that which affects the teeth: a decayed tooth is a source of infection but not hurt or swell.

In turn, the infected prosthesis or nest serves as a reservoir of germs that can migrate at any time by the blood and cause a severe infection with consequences that can even be fatal. Therefore infection must be cured first, and then implanting the prosthesis. The problem is that there is never 100% security is not infected. Read the rest of this entry »

When shown the implantation of a knee replacement?

When treatment with medication, physiotherapy or previous operations fail to improve a state of severe pain or disability, caused by lesions of the knee joint:

- Gonarthrosis (osteoarthritis of the knee)

- Rheumatoid arthritis (rheumatoid arthritis, etc.).

- Femoral condyle necrosis (loss of vitality of the bone)

- Tumors of the knee

What type of prosthesis best for each patient?

The dentures

Replace all three compartments and quoted for their serious injuries, usually involving one knee with inability to stretch fully and instability of the ligaments. Read the rest of this entry »